Aim: To compare the cytotoxicity of six silicate endodontic cements and evaluate the concentrations of eleven metals (Ni, Cr, Fe, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Al, As, Mn, Bi) in the materials.
Methods: Extracts derived from MTA CAPS, MTA Angelus White, Cerkamed MTA+, Masterdent MTA, Biodentine and ProRoot MTA White were incubated with MRC5 cells for 24 and 72 hours. The cytotoxicity was assessed by sulforhodamine-B assay. Samples of the same materials were also prepared and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey multiple comparison tests.
Results: MTA Angelus White displayed its higher antiproliferative effect after 24 hours (p<0.05). At 72 hours all the cements had similar effects on cell viability (p>0.05). Ni, Cr, Cd, Cu and Mn were not detected in any of the materials tested. Pd, As and Zn were found only in MTA-CAPS.
Conclusions: All the materials tested were proved highly biocompatible, except for MTA Angelus White, which showed mild cytotoxicity. Regarding the metal content the cements showed presence of some metals, although the detected concentrations were below the safety limits.