Mihoko Tomida*, Motohiro Hayashi, Ryutaro Uchikawa, Soichiro Tsuchiya, Keiichi Uchida
 

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder that makes daily life difficult. Recently, gamma knife surgery (GKS) has been employed for treating intractable pain control such as trigeminal neuralgia (TN) or cancer pain. Nine patients (4 males and 5 females) with TN of second branch were investigated in this study. All patients (mean age: 66.7±7.5) were irradiated a maximum dose of 90 Gy at retro Gasserian after the target area were coordinated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). They were asked symptom, medical history and what induces the pain attack. We also assessed visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, presence or absence of allodynia, cold sensation dullness and touch threshold on the lateral of nasal wing using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments before and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after GKS. The relation of the pain value and touch threshold were estimated. There were two kinds of pain character, like an electric shock (5 patients) and like prickling (4 patients). The mean±SD of pain VAS value was 8.5±1.4 and touch threshold on disease side (6.0±2.8 gf/mm2 ) was significant higher than the healthy side (3.7±1.3 gf/mm2 ) at first visiting (paired t-test; P<0.05). All patients experienced asignificant pain reduction without side affections within 6 month after GKS. Allodynia, facial paresthesia or cold sensation dullness occurred before GKS disappeared within 3 touch threshold. These results suggest that GKS is safe and effective method to let a pain and dysesthesia due to TN disappear.There are individual differences in these effect after treatment

 

Shaymaa M. Hassan*
 

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL), has been segregated as a separate entity and defined as a diffuse white papillomatous lesion that occurs in multiple areas in the oral cavity at the same time. Despite the fact it starts as a minute keratotic area, it can expand in size in a slow clinical course. PVL also has a high-risk rate of malignant transformation in 60-70 % of the cases. It is also seen more in adult females. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA ) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by the inflammation of small joints of hands and feet together with other systemic complications including cardiovascular and renal disorders. Several immune mechanisms are involved in its pathogenesis. The use of probiotics has been widely spreading over the last few years. Their benefits have exceeded its frequent use in the regulation of intestinal health. Nowadays Probiotics have been used in several events as an anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory therapy that proved to be potent and safe in many animals and in vitro studies, together with few human studies. In this case report the use of probiotics; Protexin Balance® 60 mg was given to a 58-year old female, twice a day after meal time taken for 16 weeks; proved to improve the clinical and histopathological findings in PVL through the reduction in size, keratosis and signs of epithelial dysplasia in the affected cells. Also, probiotics led to the change in the laboratory findings related to the activity of RA. This change was represented by the reduction of levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), Rheumatoid Factor (RF), and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR.). Also by the noticeable relief and the feeling of well -being that was experienced by the patient herself 

Abbreviations: CR: centric relation, MI: maximum intercuspationCCR: centric relation, MI: maximum intercuspationR: centric relation, MI: maximum intercuspation

Aims: To evaluate surface roughness of different glass ionomer cements using two different methods of smoothening techniques.
 

Methods and Material: Four different types of Glass Ionomer Cements (Conventional GIC, Resin modified GIC (RMGIC), Silver reinforced GIC and Nanofiller GIC) 15 samples of each material, so total =60. Then sub group has been divided as following: 5 controls, 5 finishing with Soflex and 5 swabs with alcohol. The surface roughness measured by Profilometer machine (Fig.1), all samples have been measured before and after polishing with Sof-lex discs and swabbed with alcohol swab, then Scanning Electro-microscope has been used to measure and exam surface area.
 

Statistical analysis used: Two-way ANOVA in surface roughness, using spss20. analysis of variance to see the effect of materials and finishing.
 

Results: All tested GICs showed lower surface roughness values after finishing with soflex disc, which give smoother surface than alcohol swabbed surface. When compared between the materials by using Sof-lex disc, Silver GIC give smooth surface but not significantly different than others. Conventional and RMGICs give smooth surfaces with significantly different. The smoothest surface was the Nanofiller GIC

with significantly different than other materials.
 

Conclusions: We compared the effectiveness of Sof-Lex disc polishing and alcohol swab treatment to achieve surface smoothing. Use of Sof-Lex discs resulted in smoother surfaces than those of the control group and the alcohol swab group, with fewer cracks and voids observed on SEM, although these results were not significant. Both conventional GIC and nanofiller GIC had higher surface roughness values after alcohol swabbing; use of this method is not recommended.