Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate root canal morphology of mandibular anterior teeth using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) in Saudi subpopulation. Materials and methods: A total of 298 patients who had examined with CBCT. Including 1,788 mandibular anterior teeth. The examinations were done by using CBCT are number of roots, number of root canals and canal configuration according to Vertucci’s classification. Result: Among demographic variables, there were 120 males and 178 female, with maximum of age 68 and minimum of age 12. All the incisors show single root. Type I was the most significant type among the examined teeth (86.9%, n=1554). The prevalence of two root canals in lateral incisors (20.3%, n=121) found to be higher than central incisor (16.8% n=100). The major pattern of two root canals system was type II in mandibular incisor (74.9%, n=143), the incidence of other types (III, IV, V and VI) was (37.2%, n=111). According to the result, the presence of two roots in mandibular canines was (0.9%, n=3). Type I pattern was highly prevalent (97.85%, n=583) and two root canals system (2.2%, n=13) Conclusion: Two root canals in mandibular anterior teeth have been found in current study with percentage of (13.1%), and type II was the most predominant type in two root canals types.

Background: This prospective study describes patients’ perceptions on changes in the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) following intra-alveolar exodontia. Methods: 204 patients who required intra-alveolar exodontia under local anaesthesia, and whose baseline Quality of Life (QoL) were considered unaffected (total score ≤14) by indication for tooth extraction were included in the study. Respondents completed a modified “health related QoL”(OHIP-14) questionnaire by the POD3. Result: 53.4% of subjects were aged 18-44 years, and 56.9% of them were females. Apical periodontitis was the indication for 39.2% of extractions, 69% of subjects reported a deterioration in Qol, though, the majority were mild (52%), 14.2% were reported as “quite a lot affected” and only a 2% were reported as “very much affected”. The combined percentage of subjects affected mildly, moderately and severely was 81.4% for difficulty with chewing; 76.9% for altered ability to swallow; 82% experienced changes in diet variation. Enjoyment of food was altered in 79.4%; 87.2% of subjects had difficulty in speaking / voice alteration; tasting of food was affected in 75%, and only 41.4% expressed challenge with ability to be understood. Only a range of 19.2 to 31% of these subjects were affected significantly (moderate to severe). Only 3.6% reported changes in physical appearance due to swelling. Sleep and duty impairment were rarely encountered (9.3% had interrupted sleep and 11.4% had problem falling asleep). 20.7% of the respondents were not able to perform their duties at work while 20% of them lost 1-3 days at work and 22.9% did not keep up with social activities. Conclusion: A guide to answering patients’ enquiries around expectations following intra alveolar extractions is provided. Chewing and eating are most likely to be affected by intra alveolar extraction, Speech, sleep and social activities are least affected. 2 in 10 patients may need one to 3 days off work. A prospective study designed to identify the specific risk factors contributing to the deterioration in each domain of subjects’ Qol on a larger sample size is desirable.