One of the basic principles of Orthodontics is the creation of space to facilitate tooth movement. With appropriate case selection, interproximal reduction offers the ability to safely obtain sufficient space for tooth movement without the need for extractions and without compromising slenderized teeth

The most common anomalies of dental hard tissues include hereditary defects of enamel. Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) has been described as a complex group of hereditary conditions that disturbs the developing enamel and exists independent of any related systemic disorder. This clinical case report describes the diagnosis and management of hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta in a 5-year-old child. The treatment objectives were to improve aesthetics, improve periodontal health, prevent further loss of tooth structure, and improve the child’s confidence. The treatment plan was to restore the affected teeth with full coverage restorations. Treatment involved placement of composite strip crowns on maxillary anterior teeth and stainless steel crowns on the posterior teeth followed by fluoride varnish application in the upper and lower arches. A 6-month follow-up showed great aesthetic and psychological improvements in the patient.

Background: Infantile Systemic Hyalinosis (ISH) (which also known as Inherited Systemic Hyalinosis) is an uncommon, progressive and fatal genetic disorder that usually affects the newborn or infants. It is an autosomal recessive syndrome of unknown etiology, caused by mutations in the anthrax toxin receptor 2 gene - ANTXR2. It is characterized by hyaline deposits in the papillary dermis and other tissues

 

Case Report: The phenotype characteristics of infantile systemic hyalinosis (ISH) in a two-year-old boy were present. The characteristics of flattered occiput, limited limb movements and articular abnormalities of elbows and knees. Dental findings showed excessive gingival hypertrophy multiple nodules in mucosa completely covering maxillary and mandibular teeth Plan Of Treatment: The gingival hypertrophy was planned for surgically treated by gingivectomy and excision of nodules under general anesthesia.

 

Follow-Up: The patient showed a full constellation of clinical manifestations of the disease. although the surgical intervention was not able to be performed due to the unstable medical condition, oral hygiene improvement was maintained.

 

Conclusions: Surgical treatment of the gingival hypertrophy is the treatment of choice so the patient can perform normal feeding.