Last decade has seen a flourishing in the study of the properties of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) for their application in medicine. Inorganic NPs behave as “artificial atoms” since their high density of electronic states -which controls many physical properties- can be extensively and easily tuned by adjusting composition, size, shape and surface state. Consequently, nanotechnology’s ability to shape matter at the

scale of biomolecules has opened the door to a new generation of diagnostics, imaging agents and drugs for detecting and treating disease.But perhaps even more important, nanotechnology is allowing to combine a series of advances into a single NP, creating nanosized objects

that at the same time may contain drugs designed to kill tumoral cells or pathogenic invaders, together with targeting compounds designed to home-in on malignancies and target tissue, and be imaging agents designed to light up even the earliest stage of disease. Besides, i is becoming widely known that none of the existing single-modality treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy,

gene therapy or thermotherapy can cure complex fatal diseases such as cancer or preeclampsia by itself. Consequently, a combination of treatments, such as combination of chemotherapy (combining more than one drug), chemotherapy and gene therapy, thermotherapy,radiotherapy or biotherapy, are being investigated for their synergistic effects that may dramatically improve outcomes and reduce the

side effects of each single modality treatment. This is because therapeutic effects are designed to add up while side effects do not. In thiscontext, NPs appear as ideal platforms for multimodal therapy in the special case of maternal fetal medicine where treatment for the

mother and the foetus has to be differential