Device associated Infection (DAI) namely Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) and Central Line Blood Stream Infection (CLBSI) is one of the challenges for both neonatal nurses and doctors. Aims: 1)Assess the rate of DAI occurrence among neonates, 2) explore the relationship between DAI rates and certain risk factors such as nurse patient ratio, hand hygiene practice, GA, weight, and length of hospital stay among neonates. Design: descriptive correlational survey research design w. Sample: All neonates admitted in twelve month were included in the study (total number of 1090). Nurses and doctors were observed for compliance to adequate hand hygiene technique. Tools: 1) (CDC) criteria to calculate DAI rates, 2) Hand hygiene five point checklist, 3) Review of neonates charts to collect data as weight, GA., 4) Ballard score and 5) nurse patient ratio. Results: 24 neonate developed DAI in the Unit, there was a high significant negative correlation between DAI and neonatal weight, GA, nurse/patient ratio and overall compliance to hand hygiene technique (P. value≤0.05). Length of hospital stay, inadequate hand hygiene technique had strong positive correlation with DAI rate (p. value ≤0.05). Conclusion: Factors that affect DAI are: weight, GA, length of hospital stay, inadequate hand hygiene technique and nurse patient ratio. Recommendation: implementation of infection control programs to raise nurses as well as physicians compliance to adequate hand hygiene technique and increase number of nurses in the NICU per shift to be similar to the world ratio which is one to one.