Preservatives and Their Role in Pharma and Clinical Research

Iman Himoudy*
 

Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Relation to Gender and Socio-Economic Status in Egypt

 

Fatma Ibrahim Abd El Latif*, Hassan Ali Abd EL Wahid, Amina Ahmed Mohamed, Hanaa Kassem Farg

Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, as one of the most important chronic diseases in the world, threats patients’ quality of life. 
Aim of the study: was to assess the quality of life of type 2 diabetic patients in relation to gender and socio-economic status in Egypt. 
Design: A cross-sectional analytic study design was utilized in this study. Setting: this study was conducted at the family medicine outpatient clinic of Suez Canal University Hospitals in Ismailia city, Egypt. Sample: included 143 type 2 diabetic patients who were selected using probability systematic sampling technique. Tools of data collections: two tools were used to collect data; structured interviewing and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire abbreviated version were used to collect data. 
Results: revealed that the majority of the study group were females. More than three quarters of them had low socio-economic status level. The overall quality of life was good in less than half of them and less than two third of them were satisfied about their health. Men report better quality of life than women but this significant only in physical domain of QOL of them. There was statistically significant positive correlation between total score of quality of life and total score of socio-economic status of them. 
Conclusion: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus affected negatively all domains of quality of life of the study group. Recommendations: Develop health education program about life style modification and glycemic control for type 2 diabetic patients and further researches should be conducted to improve quality of life of them.

Advances in DNA Vaccines for Cancer and many other Diseases

 

Sharif M Shaheen*

DNA vaccination, a recent smart approach that deals with the quality and stable vaccine platform for immunotherapy to manage the severity of the fatal diseases as well as to prevent epidemic diversity of the diseases even cancer. It can be a choice of great interest for its simplicity, safety, stability and potentiality. However it lacks a major disadvantage of delivering genetic material to the immune cells, which must be targeted. Because somatic cells are almost avoid of MHC Class receptor to present antigenic peptides and also the efficiency of exocytosis of antigenic peptides as well as the proper target sequence of the peptides, which were originated from proteasomes. Here recent advances of DNA vaccine were discussed in order to orchestrate its future promising perspectives.

Computational Methods to Identify Drug Target in Multidrug Resistant Human Pathogens Klebsiella Pneumonia, Vibrio Cholerae and Yersinia Pestis

 

Iqra Ahmad*, Noor Ul ain Sajid and Sundus Iqbal

Drugabble genome of gram negative, multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae JM45, Vibrio cholerae O395 and Yersinia pestis D182038, to find the therapeutic potential by using various in silico approaches. After successful screening of druggable candidates, on the basis of set parameters, a potential drug target candidate entE present in all bacterial strains was selected. EntE is crucial for the synthesis of enterobactin which belongs to biosynthesis of siderophore pathway. Siderophores have applications in medicine for antibiotics for improved drug targeting. Therefore, it is one of the most viable candidates for drug development. To this aim molecular modeling was carried out to gain insights into active site and modeling was performed via MODELLER and web servers. Best modeled structure was selected and used for molecular docking studies.
Total 106 compounds library were prepared for docking and compound 103 was the best docked compound with a GOLDScore of 75.7. Moreover, time dependent dynamic behaviour of docked complexes were analysed using MD simulation studies. MD trajectories analysis revealed the flexibility of loop region to stabilize the binding of ligand and target protein and hydrogen bonding pattern was also rearranged. These conformational changes suggested the potential of compound 103 to act as lead compound.

Global Epidemiology of Acute Poisoning with an Emphasis to Ethiopia: Systematic Review

 

Esayas Tadesse G/Mariam* and Belayneh Kefale Gelaw

Introduction: - Acute poisoning is an injury in which the toxic effects occur almost immediately, usually within hours from the time of exposure. It is a common reason for visits to emergency departments and for hospitalization worldwide and its morbidity and mortality is becoming a major public health issue in many countries. 
Objective: - To review currently existing literature on the global Epidemiology of Acute Poisoning by giving emphasis to the situation in Ethiopia 
Methods: - Pub med, Google, Google scholar, and Medline were searched using subject headings and key words like “Acute poisoning”, “epidemiology”, “Ethiopia” and those words related to the title of the review.
Findings: - From the review it was found that the epidemiology of acute poisoning varies between countries and different regions. However, the global prevalence of acute poisoning especially in the developed nations reported as decreased. Few epidemiological studies exist in Ethiopia revealed that the greatest proportion of poisonings occurred below 30 years of age and the most frequent circumstance for poisoning was intentional poisoning. Organophosphate pesticide was the most common cause of poisoning. The case fatality rate was reported from 2.4%-8.6%